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Questions You Need to Answer:
Who are the key elements to defensive fundamentals?
What determines a players defensive position?
What makes up a flat triangle?
Who should take the charge?
Is defensive position important in helping you be a good defensive rebounder?
What is the key to offensive rebounding?
What is my role in the defensive and rebounding scheme of my team?
Fundamentals of Defense A. DEFENSE:
"Offense wins games, BUT DEFENSE wins championships." We've heard the cry over and over again that defense wins championships. Television basketball analysts state game after game that the keys to winning are limiting the number of turnovers, rebounding, and defense. With such emphasis placed on defense and rebounding we need to focus our efforts on developing this part of our basketball game. If a player can work and develop his/her offensive skills then the same energy, effort, and focus can be put towards developing their defense and rebounding skills. Put forth the time and desire and you can develop these skills the same the way you develop your offensive skills. So let's let go of our BUT and focus on developing our defensive play and rebounding skills.
NOTE: The key ingredient in any championship caliber team is DEFENSE. Successful programs live by it. So our focus is this: The key ingredient in any championship caliber player should be defense and they should live by it.
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FUNDAMENTALS OF DEFENSE
S T A N C E ! ! !
Your stance is the key to good defensive position.
Place your weight on the balls of your feet, not your heels. You want your heels off the ground just enough to slide a piece of paper under the heel of your shoes. Remember, balance is important.
Place your feet slightly farther than shoulder width apart.
Keep your knees bent and your back straight.
Keep your head up and focus on your opponent's mid-section (belly-button). The mid-section is a great focal point for determining which way an offensive player is going to go. By focusing on your opponent's mid-section you don't tend to fall for head and shoulder fakes, movement of the eyes, or jab steps. The mid-section/belly-button area is a pretty stable point/reference on the body. The rest of the body can move and shake and the mid-section will stay in the same place. Focusing on this part of the body helps put you in a position to defend the offensive player.
Use your peripheral vision to see screens and picks coming from your sides. Step up and over, slide through, or switch when the screen or pick comes.
Place your arms out with your palms up and elbows bent a little.
DEFENSE ON THE BALL
How we defend on the basketball is often determined by our coach and the type of team defense we are playing, however, our main focus is to stop the basketball. Many times in a man-to-man situation we want to utilize the offensive player's weakness against him/her by adjusting our defensive stance on the offensive player's strong side thereby forcing the offensive player to dribble with their weak hand. If the player is right-handed, they will probably want to go to their right, so by shifting our defensive position to the offensive player's right side (overplaying the right side) we force them to go left. Once the player places the ball on the floor our job is to drive them as far as we can into a position that they do not want to be in. Most of the time we try to drive players to the sideline or the baseline. Once there we look to trap them or have our teammates cover their man trying to force a five second call. When the player you are defending places the ball on the floor your assignment is to keep them from penetrating the lane, however, don't settle for containing lane penetration when your main assignment is to contain the offensive player period. Defense on the ball requires determination and effort. If you will do your job and your teammates will do theirs then the reward will be no basket and you will have the ball heading towards your own goal.
DEFENSIVE SLIDES
It takes work to do and maintain a proper defensive slide. When we say "defensive slides" most player's think "gallop." They start off in the correct defensive stance and when you say go they come straight up and start galloping heel to heel. A proper slide requires that an individual stay down in their stance (See STANCE). When in the stance the defensive player executes a slide by driving their feet sideways. A slide is done in quick, short steps, by driving and pulling your feet. When it is time to slide stay down in your defensive stance position. Like a shooter in a shot-prep position a defender must be the defensive-prep position. When the ball is put on the floor the defender stays in their stance and drives their inside foot out and pulls their outside foot back into the stance position. This is where most player's tend to gallop or drag their outside foot back into position. By driving and pulling our footwork the focus of our defensive footwork is changed from recovery to dictation. The proper stance and slide puts us into a position to force the offensive player the way we want him/her to go.
Stay down. Many defenders start to come up in their stance when it is time to move when their stance was correct for defending the offensive player even when they put the ball on the floor. Defense is hardwork. Proper slides take effort. When a player gallops they tend to lean their upper body in the direction they are sliding. This lean puts them a bad position when the offensive player changes directions. The defender is off-balance and recovery is harder due to the improper stance and slide.
Another thing to remember; don't get your feet crossed. If you cross your feet and the offensive player changes directions you are in a poor position to try to recover. Drive and pull those feet into position and be prepared to drop step to continue your slide when the offensive player changes directions. If you get beat in the open floor, utilize help defense by communicating with your teammates, then turn and sprint after your opponent. Once you get in front of the opponent again, get back into your defensive stance. Defensive slides, if done properly, are hardwork. Work at it in your personal training time.
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ACTIVE HANDS AND FEET
Don't let your opponent see the floor or have an opening to get rid of the ball. Become a hawk. When your man has the ball you need to get up on them and get all over them without making contact that will be called a foul. Put constant pressure on their ability to see the floor and their ability to get rid of the ball. You want to dictate to the man you are guarding. By putting so much pressure on the ball you want your man to know that when he/she receives the ball at any time in the game you are going to bring that intense pressure once again. Get up on them, stay up on them, and keep the pressure on them forcing them to get rid of the ball and/or make bad decisions.
STEALING THE BALL
Stealing the ball can be an art. Smart defenders play the passing lanes undetected by offensive players or they strip the ball from the opponent in a crafty, yet effective way. Whatever method can help you become a better defender is worth the time and effort needed to perfect that skill.
Playing the Passing Lanes Undetected: A lot times in the open court or half-court set it easy to play the passing lanes without being detected. Players that do this well most of the time look like they don't see the ball or what is going on. They often play possum. Once the offensive player lets the ball go out of their hand to pass the defensive player that was playing possum steps into the passing lane for a steal. Please note, that the defender does not do this every possession. This defender is crafty and picks and chooses his/her opportunity to sucker the offensive player into making a pass that good when the defender has set him/her up to so. Sometimes it helps in a transition setting to hide yourself behind other people in transition while you are still focusing on the ball coming to your assigned man. Playing the passing lanes in this manner takes some practice. Remember, sometimes you will not be successful and your assignment may receive the ball. You must make every effort to recover and get back into your proper defensive stance. Note: If the game is on the line it is not a good time to gamble, especially if you are just starting to work on this method of stealing the basketball. Stay home and play good sound defense. Work on this method at the local gym during pick-up games until you have developed it. Stripping the Basketball: Don't you hate it when you are getting ready to go up for a shot a player strips the ball out of your hands. No matter how frustrating it may be, it is an effective tool to utilize as a defensive player to steal the basketball while also frustrating your opponent. There are two variations to stripping the basketball. The first method is to come down on the ball. When the offensive man starts his shooting or passing motion up you come down on top of the ball knocking it out of their hands and into the open court. This method works really well around the basket. Low post players have a tendency to bring the ball down below their waste which makes it easier to strip. As a guard, if you get stuck in the post guarding a big post player due to a switch and you know you are out-matched due to your size then this is a good opportunity to play the ball by trying to strip it from their hands. Another use for this method is when you are back alone in transition and an offensive player is attacking you with the dribble. If the player pulls up for a jump shot or tries to come in with a lay-up they will have to put the ball into a position that can be stripped. Once again, be selective and don't try to strip everything that comes your way. Because of the aggressiveness of the strip some referees will call a foul. So be smart and adjust to the officiating. The second method is to come up on the ball from the bottom side. When the offensive player brings the ball up around the chest level it is easier to come up on the ball and try to pop it out of their hands. Remember, if and when you make contact with the ball the ball is going to fly up in the air. So be ready to go after it. Utilizing this method requires craftiness. Pick and choose when you use it. Referees are less likely to call fouls on you if this method is done properly. However, don't load up and come with an uppercut to try to pop the ball out of their hands. At the chest level the offensive player tends to relax their grip on the ball. So pick your opportunity and knock that ball out of their hands. Both of these methods can be worked on at the local gym. As an offensive player a defender that can strip ball becomes annoying. Both methods work. Take the time to work and develop them.
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COMMUNICATE WITH YOUR TEAMMATES
Remember that five players are better than one. Talk to one another. Eliminate your opponents ability to utilize your teammates position against you. Take every advantage given to you.
UTILIZE THE FAKE TRAP
When the opportunity presents itself you want to try to force the offensive player into a position where they get rid of the ball out of fear. Many players see a trap coming and they panic and jump in the air to pass the ball. This presents your team with opportunities for steals. Make the opponent panic and force turnovers with good, smart defensive play.
WHEN THE BALL MOVES YOU MOVE
Jump to the ball on every pass. Remember, good defense is "team defense". Man to man defense is a team defense just as much as zone defenses. NOTE: The best man defense looks like a zone and the best zone defense looks like a man to man defense.
POINT BALL - YOU - MAN
When your man doesn't have the ball you want to be in a defensive position called a "flat triangle". A flat triangle allows you to see the offensive player with the ball and your defensive player. The farther the ball gets from your defensive man the longer the flat triangle should be (split the distance between your man and the ball). This position allows to help your teammate if they are beat off of the dribble and it allows you to be in a position to deny (See Denial) the cutter (your defensive assignment) if they decide to flash to the basketball for an easy basket (See Helpside) or it puts you in a position to know where you man is and allows you to recover to your man if the ball is passed back to them.
DENIAL
Clog the the passing lane and prevent the player you are guarding from getting the ball, that is, "deny" them the ball. When guarding an offensive player who is one pass away from the ball, you should be in a position to deny the basketball. If you keep your player from getting the ball, you keep them from scoring, as they can't score without the ball. Play the passing lane and stay between the player you're guarding and the ball. Overplay the offensive man by placing your foot and hand nearest the ball slightly forward, and turn the palm of your hand toward the ball, so that you can your hand on any incoming passes. Be in a position to see both your player and the ball. If the ball-handler picks up their dribble, you have a "dead ball situation" and everyone should cover their player(full-denial) and prevent them from getting the basketball; forcing a five second violation on the offense.
HELPSIDE
When your oppo nent is two or more passes from the ball, you should be in "help" position. This involves dropping off your player some (but without losing sight of them), and sagging a little toward the ballside, or often into the lane, in order to assist your teammates (flat triangle). Stay between the ball and your player, but sag toward the ballside. Be ready to help defend against another player driving or cutting to the basket, and "help" your teammate who may have gotten beat by stepping up to stop the basketball. Once the ball comes back to within one pass from your player, you get back into a denial position (See Denial). If the ball is passed to your player, quickly recover to your defensive position on the ball.
BE ACTIVE
Don’t become a spectator and stand around and watch the game when your defensive assignment does not have the ball. Be aggressive. Make the offensive player do what you want. Dictate to them what you want them to do. Most offensive moves are designed to dictate to the defense what you want them to do. A defensive player should also dictate to the offensive player what they want them to do. Force them to pass, force them to dribble a certain direction, force them to become frustrated and take them out of the flow of the offense by becoming a liability to their team. Dictate the flow by establishing your defensive pressure and presence on the floor.
TAKE THE CHARGE
Are you willing to sacrifice your body for the team? Sometimes you are going to have to step in and take a charge. This requires the sacrifice of your body. You are going to have take some contact. Hustle to gain the proper position and then put your body on the line for team. When you've done your job and sacrificed your body by drawing the charge you reap the rewards of drawing a foul on your opponent and you receive the ball back. Do you have what it takes? Take the charge!
POST DEFENSE
The key to good post defense is moving the feet. Most post defenders try to physically handle their defensive assignment. Many pick up fouls that are unnecessary and could be avoided by moving their feet. There is a time to bump and push and a time to adjust and move your feet for better position. Knowing where the ball is and how to move into position by moving your feet is key to good post defense. The same principle for perimeter players applies to post players: When the ball move you move. It is necessary to adjust your position when the ball moves. A good team with a good post player will move the ball from a bad entry position to good one in order to get the post player the ball. So it is very important for post defenders to adjust their position on post players by moving their feet.
Note: When the basketball is in the corner and the offensive post player is in the low post, you want to play on the offensive players side. This position should be played on the baseline of the offensive player. Place the arm closest to the baseline on the offensive player in a bent position or behind him (to feel for a backcut or release move). Put your other arm up into the passing lane to deflect a pass and your foot slightly out in front. Your responsibility in this position is to deny the basketball to the man in the post position and be able to feel the defender if and when they make an adjust to their post position. When the ball moves to the wing position you must fight over the man using your feet into another position that permits you to deny the basketball. You are more than likely switching from one side of the offensive player to the other. So reverse the positioning that way discussed when the ball was in the corner. You can get to the other side for position by sliding in front of the offensive player and around to the other side. Slide with your back to the ball and at the halfway point of the slide, turn your head to regain vision of the ball, and step into the full denial position on the opposite side. As the ball continues to move away from the individual you are guarding you will continue to move your feet and drop off into the denial position (flat triangle). Remember, when playing post defense on the ball side you must be in contact with player and move out and away with your feet to adjust your position. As the ball moves you move. Move those feet and fight for position by being quicker to the spot. This is where post defenders pick up fouls. They try to bang their way into good defensive position instead of moving their feet to get the position. When you get tired you start to search for ways to get position without having do a great deal of work. Most of the time you try to physically move the offensive player and end up drawing a foul. Work at your position and move your feet. Good footwork can yield great defensive post position.
Defense requires everyone to complete their assignment. It doesn't take long for a good coach or player to determine the weak link in a player or team defense. The weakness in a defender or a team defense can cause the defense to fail. Defensive execution requires a player or team to put forth some intensity in the form of effort, hustle, and determination. Defense isn't easy. Most don't want to play it but the best take it as a challenge and respond to it. If you want to be the best then work on your defensive skills. Coaches always have a spot on the team for someone who will play defense.
Fundamentals of Rebounding
(Offensive and Defensive)
1. DEFENSIVE REBOUNDING:
You need to see your man and the ball at all times (flat triangle).
When the shot goes up, find your man and put your backside on him. Make the offensive man make contact with your body, as he does that, slide into him, keep your elbows up (if he goes left or right you can ride him out) and move when your man moves by learning to feel them and their moves on your body (use your arms, legs, hips, and your head).
Watch the flight of the ball. Don't ever take your eyes off of the ball. If you watch the ball you can determine if it will be short or long.
Hold your position. Don't let your man push you under the basket. If he does, it will take away part of your rebounding area. Remember, rebounding is not about being able to out-jump your opponent. It is, however, about good positioning and knowing when to release for the ball. Many players with good jumping ability will try to out-jump everyone to get the ball when a good defender will maintain good position by blocking out and then releasing to go get the ball when it is a their level. The effort is put on the floor by maintaining position.
CONCENTRATION:
If you don't get the ball, don't let your man get it.
Note: Always block out the shooter.
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2. OFFENSIVE REBOUNDING:
KEY: Positioning! Your goal as an offensive rebounder is to get the defensive player out of position.
Gain position on a defensive player by faking and setting up in one direction and attacking the other side.
Keep your arm on top of his arm and fight over the top into a position that is advantageous for rebounding the basketball. Once you are in front of the defensive player hold your position by blocking him/her out and going after the ball. When you get the rebound go back up and put the ball in the basket or bring it back out to the guard to run the offense. Remember, the defensive player has to work hard to find you, so do everything you can to throw them off their position and fight to get in front so you have rebounding position. The pressure is on the defensive player to get position on you. Have fun with it and work on your moves to gain position that will allow you to out rebound the defender.
Rebounding Drills 101
(Basic Rebounding Drills) Rebounding Drills 201
(Advanced Rebounding Drills)
Rim Touches
Ball and Backboard Tipping Drill
Slapping the Basketball Drill One-On-One Rebounding Drill
Plyometric Drills (develop jumping ability)
Containment Drill
DEFENSIVE & REBOUNDING TIPS
Dictate to your opponent. Don't let them do what they want to do. Don't let them see the floor or pass the ball where they want.
Don't let your opponent get position where they want regardless if it is on the perimeter or in the post.
Pressure the basketball.
Use your peripheral vision or quick half turns of your head to see both the ball and your man.
Don't go for fakes. Stay on your feet and put your hand up on the shot. Concentrate on obstructing their vision than on blocking the shot.
Force your opponent to shoot jump shots. Don't permit them to shoot lay ups.
Deny your man the basketball.
Make the cutter go behind you.
Talk! Communicate with your teammates.
Help Your teammates.
Cut off the baseline.
Assume every shot will miss, block out, make contact, and go get the basketball.
Don't give up a second shot. Rebound the basketball.
Avoid fouling.
Know where the your man and ball is at all times.
Work on the defensive end of the floor and rest on the offensive end.
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