Within the cardiovascular system alterations in NO function have been linked to numerous diseases, many of which appear to originate in the vascular endothelial cells. A healthy vasculature is characterized by the presence of endothelial cell-produced, locally acting paracrine factors that favor vasodilation, blood fluidity and inhibition of cell proliferation. In contrast, numerous cardiovascular disease states are characterized by an abundance of endothelial factors causing vasoconstriction, inflammation, thrombolytic activity and cell proliferation. TABLE 1 lists some of the factors that typically predominate in healthy and pathological blood vessels. The delicate balance between these factors determines the overall health of the vasculature; thus, processes that can either augment or disrupt the synthesis, release, metabolism or actions of a particular paracrine factor may contribute to pathology or constitute an approach for a therapeutic intervention. |